Explain Growth of slums and migration.
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Explain Growth of slums and migration.
The growth of slums is closely linked to migration, particularly rural-to-urban migration. Rapid urbanization often leads to an influx of people seeking economic opportunities and improved living conditions in cities. Key factors contributing to the growth of slums through migration include:
Rural-Urban Migration: People migrate from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment, education, and a better quality of life. The concentration of job opportunities in cities attracts a large number of migrants.
Population Pressure: High population density in urban areas, driven by migration, often outpaces the capacity of cities to provide adequate housing and infrastructure. This results in the spontaneous formation of informal settlements or slums.
Limited Affordable Housing: Rapid urbanization creates a demand for housing that exceeds the supply of affordable and formal housing options. As a result, migrants often end up in informal settlements characterized by inadequate housing and basic services.
Lack of Urban Planning: Inefficient urban planning and inadequate provision of essential services contribute to the unplanned growth of slums. Poor infrastructure, sanitation, and insufficient access to clean water are common challenges in slum areas.
Informal Economy: Many migrants find employment in the informal sector, which often lacks job security and benefits. The informal economy is a common feature in slum areas, where residents engage in various informal activities to make a living.
Social and Economic Inequality: Migration-driven urbanization can exacerbate existing social and economic inequalities. Slums often become home to marginalized populations facing challenges such as limited access to education, healthcare, and social services.
Addressing the growth of slums requires comprehensive urban planning, investment in affordable housing, and the implementation of policies that support inclusive and sustainable urban development. Recognizing the interconnected nature of migration and slum formation is crucial for developing effective strategies to improve living conditions and opportunities for urban residents.