Differentiate between Northern and Southern Hemisphere.

The Northern and Southern Hemispheres are divided by the Earth's equator, an imaginary line encircling the planet horizontally. The primary distinctions between these hemispheres are based on their geographical and climatic features.

The Northern Hemisphere is situated north of the equator, encompassing regions such as North America, Europe, Asia, and most of Africa. Seasons in the Northern Hemisphere follow a pattern where summer occurs around June 21st, during the northern hemisphere's tilt toward the sun, while winter occurs around December 21st.

Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere lies south of the equator, including continents like South America, Australia, Africa (southern part), and Antarctica. Seasons in the Southern Hemisphere occur in the opposite pattern compared to the Northern Hemisphere. Summer takes place around December 21st, and winter occurs around June 21st.

The atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, including the trade winds and ocean currents, also exhibit hemispheric differences due to the Earth's rotation. These distinctions influence climate, weather patterns, and ecosystems in each hemisphere. Additionally, celestial events like the path of the sun and stars vary between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres based on their respective positions relative to the equator.