Explain Gandhian critique of revolutionaries.

Mahatma Gandhi's critique of revolutionaries during India's struggle for independence stemmed from his philosophical commitment to non-violence and the pursuit of truth. While Gandhi shared the common goal of achieving independence, he diverged from the revolutionary approach that involved armed resistance and violence against the British colonial rulers.

Gandhi believed in the power of non-violent civil disobedience, known as Satyagraha, as the most effective means to achieve political change. He criticized the revolutionary methods, arguing that violence not only contradicted the principles of truth and non-violence but also risked perpetuating a cycle of hatred and retaliation. Gandhi envisioned a society where freedom was achieved through moral force and spiritual strength rather than through armed conflict.

The revolutionaries, often associated with groups like the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) and the Ghadar Movement, sought to overthrow British rule through armed uprisings and acts of violence. Gandhi, while acknowledging their patriotism and dedication to the cause, questioned the long-term sustainability and moral legitimacy of their methods. He argued that violence would not only alienate potential supporters but also lead to the erosion of ethical values that should underpin the struggle for freedom.

Gandhi's critique was not merely strategic; it was deeply rooted in his commitment to building a just and compassionate society. He believed that violence dehumanized both the oppressor and the oppressed, hindering the development of a moral and enlightened nation. By advocating non-violence, Gandhi aimed to create a movement that transcended immediate political goals and fostered a transformative social and spiritual change.

In essence, Gandhi's critique of revolutionaries was a reflection of his conviction that the means used to achieve independence should align with the ethical values that define a just society. While he acknowledged the sincerity and courage of the revolutionaries, he maintained that the path of non-violence was the most virtuous and sustainable route to true freedom.