Explain STDs.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections spread through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. They are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites and can be transmitted through unprotected sexual activity with an infected individual. Common STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), and HIV/AIDS. STDs may present with symptoms such as genital sores, discharge, itching, pain during urination, or no symptoms at all. Left untreated, STDs can lead to serious health complications, including infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, cervical cancer, and HIV/AIDS. Prevention strategies include practicing safe sex, using condoms correctly and consistently, getting vaccinated against HPV, getting tested regularly for STDs, and communicating openly with sexual partners about sexual health. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing STDs and preventing their spread to others.