Define cyberspace? List the common cyber crime techniques. Describe any one in detail with an example.

Cyberspace refers to the virtual environment created by interconnected computer networks, the internet, and digital communication channels where information is exchanged, transactions are conducted, and online activities take place. It encompasses the entirety of digital infrastructure, systems, and data that exist in the digital realm, including websites, servers, databases, devices, and online platforms.

Common Cybercrime Techniques include:

1. Phishing: Phishing involves sending deceptive emails, messages, or websites that impersonate legitimate entities to trick individuals into disclosing sensitive information such as login credentials, passwords, or financial details. Phishing attacks often target unsuspecting users with convincing messages that appear to be from trusted sources, luring them to click on malicious links or provide personal information.

2. Malware: Malware, short for malicious software, refers to malicious programs designed to infiltrate, damage, or disrupt computer systems, networks, or devices. Common types of malware include viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware, which exploit vulnerabilities in software or social engineering tactics to infect and compromise systems, steal data, or extort money from victims.

3. Ransomware: Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts files or blocks access to computer systems, demanding ransom payments from victims in exchange for decryption keys or restored access. Ransomware attacks typically involve infecting computers or networks with malicious software that encrypts files and displays ransom demands, threatening to delete or publish stolen data unless the victim pays a ransom.

Example of a Ransomware Attack:

In a recent ransomware attack, a government agency's computer network was infected with ransomware, encrypting critical files and rendering systems inaccessible. The attackers demanded a hefty ransom payment in cryptocurrency in exchange for providing decryption keys to unlock the encrypted files and restore access to the network.

The ransomware attack disrupted government operations, paralyzed essential services, and jeopardized the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information stored on the compromised systems. The government agency faced a dilemma between paying the ransom to recover data or attempting to restore systems from backups, weighing the risks and implications of both options.

The ransomware attack highlighted the significant impact of cybercrime on government agencies, underscoring the importance of robust cybersecurity measures, data backups, and incident response protocols to mitigate risks, protect critical infrastructure, and safeguard against ransomware threats in cyberspace.