Write a brief note on the growth of literature in the regional languages of north India during the 13-15th centuries.

The 13th to 15th centuries witnessed a vibrant period of literary growth in the regional languages of North India, marked by the emergence of significant literary works in languages like Hindi, Awadhi, Braj, and Punjabi. This era, often referred to as the Bhakti and Sufi period, saw the convergence of mystical and devotional expressions, contributing to the rich literary tapestry of the region.

1. Hindi Literature:
In the 14th century, the influence of Sant Kabir and Sant Namdev was pivotal in shaping Hindi literature. Kabir's verses, marked by simplicity and depth, addressed societal issues and emphasized a personal connection with the divine. Similarly, Namdev's compositions, written in Marathi and Punjabi, contributed to the growth of Hindi literature. The Sant tradition laid the foundation for the Bhakti movement, which sought a direct, personal relationship with God.

2. Awadhi Literature:
The 14th-century poet-saint Sant Ravidas significantly contributed to Awadhi literature. His compositions reflected a deep spiritual insight and emphasized social equality. Ravidas's verses in Awadhi became a source of inspiration for subsequent poets and played a crucial role in the development of the Bhakti movement in North India.

3. Braj Literature:
The Braj Bhasha, a dialect of Hindi associated with the region around Mathura and Vrindavan, became a prominent literary language during this period. The 15th-century poet-saints like Surdas and Meera Bai composed devotional poetry in Braj, celebrating the divine love of Radha and Krishna. Their lyrical verses, expressing intense devotion and mystical experiences, became iconic in the Bhakti tradition.

4. Punjabi Literature:
In the 15th century, Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, composed hymns in Punjabi known as Shabads. These Shabads, encapsulated in the Guru Granth Sahib, form the core of Punjabi literature from this period. Guru Nanak's writings encompassed spiritual teachings, social justice, and devotion to the divine, contributing significantly to the literary landscape of North India.

5. Sufi Literature:
The Sufi saints in North India also played a crucial role in the literary growth of the region. The works of saints like Baba Farid in Punjabi and Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya in Urdu became seminal in Sufi literature. Their poetry often explored themes of love, unity, and the mystical journey towards God, serving as a bridge between different linguistic and cultural communities.

6. Impact on Cultural Expression:
The literature of this period was not only religious but also played a crucial role in shaping the cultural expressions of the region. The devotional and mystical themes infused in the literary works influenced music, art, and daily life. The Bhakti and Sufi poetry, with its focus on inclusivity and spiritual love, fostered a sense of unity among people from diverse linguistic backgrounds.

In summary, the 13th to 15th centuries marked a period of significant literary growth in the regional languages of North India. The Bhakti and Sufi movements, with their emphasis on devotional and mystical expressions, gave rise to a rich literary tradition that continues to influence the cultural and linguistic heritage of the region. The works of poets and saints in languages like Hindi, Awadhi, Braj, and Punjabi contributed not only to literature but also to the broader cultural and spiritual fabric of North India.