Explain Sarv Shiksha Abhiyan.
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Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a flagship program launched by the Government of India in 2001 to achieve universal elementary education (UEE) across the country. The primary objective of SSA is to ensure that every child in the age group of 6 to 14 years receives quality elementary education and to bridge gender and social gaps in school enrollment and retention. Key features of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan include:
Universal Access: SSA aims to provide universal access to free and compulsory education for all children in the targeted age group, with a specific focus on marginalized and disadvantaged communities.
Infrastructure Development: The program focuses on improving school infrastructure by constructing new schools, classrooms, toilets, and providing essential facilities like drinking water, libraries, and playgrounds.
Teacher Recruitment and Training: SSA emphasizes the recruitment of qualified teachers and their continuous professional development through training programs to enhance teaching quality and learning outcomes.
Curriculum and Pedagogy: SSA promotes child-centered and activity-based learning approaches to make education more engaging, relevant, and effective for students.
Community Participation: The program encourages community involvement in school management, planning, and monitoring, fostering a sense of ownership and accountability among stakeholders.
Inclusive Education: SSA aims to promote inclusive education by addressing the needs of children with disabilities and ensuring their access to education through special training and support services.
Financial Support: The program provides financial assistance to states and union territories for implementing UEE initiatives, with a focus on decentralized planning and effective utilization of resources.
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has significantly contributed to improving enrollment rates, reducing dropout rates, enhancing learning outcomes, and promoting equity in education access across India. It has played a pivotal role in advancing the goal of universal elementary education and laying the foundation for a more inclusive and equitable education system in the country.