Sign Up

Have an account? Sign In Now

Sign In

Forgot Password?

Don't have account, Sign Up Here

Forgot Password

Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email.

Have an account? Sign In Now

You must login to ask a question.

Forgot Password?

Need An Account, Sign Up Here

Please briefly explain why you feel this question should be reported.

Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported.

Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported.

Sign InSign Up

Abstract Classes

Abstract Classes Logo Abstract Classes Logo
Search
Ask A Question

Mobile menu

Close
Ask a Question
  • Home
  • Polls
  • Add group
  • Buy Points
  • Questions
  • Pending questions
  • Notifications
    • sonali10 has voted up your question.September 24, 2024 at 2:47 pm
    • Abstract Classes has answered your question.September 20, 2024 at 2:13 pm
    • The administrator approved your question.September 20, 2024 at 2:11 pm
    • banu has voted up your question.August 20, 2024 at 3:29 pm
    • banu has voted down your question.August 20, 2024 at 3:29 pm
    • Show all notifications.
  • Messages
  • User Questions
  • Asked Questions
  • Answers
  • Best Answers
Home/ Questions/Q 54124
Next
In Process
Ramakant Sharma
Ramakant SharmaInk Innovator
Asked: May 9, 20242024-05-09T09:25:18+05:30 2024-05-09T09:25:18+05:30In: Psychology

Explain the steps in computation of Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA with the help of a suitable example.

Explain the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA calculating process using an appropriate example.

BPCC 108IGNOU
  • 0
  • 11
  • 23
  • 0
  • 0
Share
  • Facebook

    1 Answer

    • Voted
    • Oldest
    • Recent
    1. Ramakant Sharma Ink Innovator
      2024-05-09T09:26:11+05:30Added an answer on May 9, 2024 at 9:26 am

      1. Introduction to Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA

      Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA is a non-parametric test used to compare the medians of three or more independent groups when the assumptions of parametric ANOVA cannot be met. It is suitable for ordinal or interval-ratio data and does not require the data to be normally distributed. The test ranks the observations from all groups and compares the mean ranks to determine if there are significant differences between the groups.

      2. Example Scenario

      Consider a study investigating the effect of different teaching methods on students' test scores. Three teaching methods (A, B, and C) are tested on separate groups of students, and their test scores are recorded. The null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference in test scores between the three teaching methods.

      3. Steps in Computation

      3.1 Rank the Data:
      Combine the data from all groups and rank the observations from lowest to highest, assigning a rank to each observation. Ties are assigned the average of the ranks they would occupy if not tied.

      3.2 Calculate the Sum of Ranks for Each Group:
      Sum the ranks for each group separately. This gives the sum of ranks for groups A, B, and C.

      3.3 Calculate the Test Statistic:
      Use the formula for the Kruskal-Wallis test statistic:

      [ H = \frac{{12}}{{N(N+1)}} \left[ \sum_{j=1}^{k} \frac{{T_j^2}}{{n_j}} \right] – 3(N+1) ]

      where:

      • ( H ) is the Kruskal-Wallis test statistic,
      • ( N ) is the total number of observations,
      • ( k ) is the number of groups,
      • ( T_j ) is the sum of ranks for group ( j ),
      • ( n_j ) is the sample size of group ( j ).

      3.4 Determine the Critical Value:
      Consult the Kruskal-Wallis table or use statistical software to find the critical value of ( H ) at a specified significance level (e.g., ( \alpha = 0.05 )) with degrees of freedom equal to ( k – 1 ).

      3.5 Compare the Test Statistic to the Critical Value:
      If the calculated test statistic is greater than the critical value, reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there are significant differences between the groups. If the test statistic is less than the critical value, fail to reject the null hypothesis.

      4. Application to the Example

      In our example, suppose we have the following test scores for each teaching method:

      Group A: 55, 60, 65, 70
      Group B: 50, 55, 60, 65
      Group C: 45, 50, 55, 60

      After ranking all the scores and summing the ranks for each group, we compute the test statistic using the formula. We then compare the calculated test statistic to the critical value from the Kruskal-Wallis table at the chosen significance level.

      5. Interpretation of Results

      If the calculated test statistic exceeds the critical value, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there are significant differences in test scores between the teaching methods. If the test statistic does not exceed the critical value, we fail to reject the null hypothesis, indicating no significant differences between the groups.

      Conclusion

      The Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA is a valuable statistical test for comparing the medians of multiple independent groups when parametric assumptions cannot be met. By following the steps outlined above and applying the appropriate formula, researchers can effectively analyze ordinal or interval-ratio data and draw meaningful conclusions about group differences.

      • 0
      • Share
        Share
        • Share onFacebook
        • Share on Twitter
        • Share on LinkedIn
        • Share on WhatsApp

    Related Questions

    • Discuss the social policy measures in India.
    • Write a short note on assessment of eyewitness and their statement.
    • Write a short note on ethics of forensic psychology.
    • Describe the recruitment and training process for selection of police personnel.
    • Discuss competency to confess and waive Miranda Rights.
    • Define substance abuse and discuss its evaluation and assessment.
    • When is an act considered a crime ? Describe Free will school of thought in this context.
    • Discuss the perceptual control theory and Sutherland's differential association theory of criminal behaviour.

    Sidebar

    Ask A Question

    Stats

    • Questions 21k
    • Answers 21k
    • Popular
    • Tags
    • Pushkar Kumar

      Bachelor of Science (Honours) Anthropology (BSCANH) | IGNOU

      • 0 Comments
    • Pushkar Kumar

      Bachelor of Arts (BAM) | IGNOU

      • 0 Comments
    • Pushkar Kumar

      Bachelor of Science (BSCM) | IGNOU

      • 0 Comments
    • Pushkar Kumar

      Bachelor of Arts(Economics) (BAFEC) | IGNOU

      • 0 Comments
    • Pushkar Kumar

      Bachelor of Arts(English) (BAFEG) | IGNOU

      • 0 Comments
    Academic Writing Academic Writing Help BEGS-183 BEGS-183 Solved Assignment Critical Reading Critical Reading Techniques Family & Lineage Generational Conflict Historical Fiction Hybridity & Culture IGNOU Solved Assignments IGNOU Study Guides IGNOU Writing and Study Skills Loss & Displacement Magical Realism Narrative Experimentation Nationalism & Memory Partition Trauma Postcolonial Identity Research Methods Research Skills Study Skills Writing Skills

    Users

    Arindom Roy

    Arindom Roy

    • 102 Questions
    • 104 Answers
    Manish Kumar

    Manish Kumar

    • 49 Questions
    • 48 Answers
    Pushkar Kumar

    Pushkar Kumar

    • 57 Questions
    • 56 Answers
    Gaurav

    Gaurav

    • 535 Questions
    • 534 Answers
    Bhulu Aich

    Bhulu Aich

    • 2 Questions
    • 0 Answers
    Exclusive Author
    Ramakant Sharma

    Ramakant Sharma

    • 8k Questions
    • 7k Answers
    Ink Innovator
    Himanshu Kulshreshtha

    Himanshu Kulshreshtha

    • 10k Questions
    • 11k Answers
    Elite Author
    N.K. Sharma

    N.K. Sharma

    • 930 Questions
    • 2 Answers

    Explore

    • Home
    • Polls
    • Add group
    • Buy Points
    • Questions
    • Pending questions
    • Notifications
      • sonali10 has voted up your question.September 24, 2024 at 2:47 pm
      • Abstract Classes has answered your question.September 20, 2024 at 2:13 pm
      • The administrator approved your question.September 20, 2024 at 2:11 pm
      • banu has voted up your question.August 20, 2024 at 3:29 pm
      • banu has voted down your question.August 20, 2024 at 3:29 pm
      • Show all notifications.
    • Messages
    • User Questions
    • Asked Questions
    • Answers
    • Best Answers

    Footer

    Abstract Classes

    Abstract Classes

    Abstract Classes is a dynamic educational platform designed to foster a community of inquiry and learning. As a dedicated social questions & answers engine, we aim to establish a thriving network where students can connect with experts and peers to exchange knowledge, solve problems, and enhance their understanding on a wide range of subjects.

    About Us

    • Meet Our Team
    • Contact Us
    • About Us

    Legal Terms

    • Privacy Policy
    • Community Guidelines
    • Terms of Service
    • FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

    © Abstract Classes. All rights reserved.