Explain working of Solar Lantern with proper sketch.

A solar lantern is a portable lighting device that operates using energy from the sun. It typically consists of a solar panel, rechargeable battery, LED lights, and a housing to protect the components. Here's how a solar lantern works:

1. Solar Panel: The solar panel is the key component of the solar lantern. It is usually made of photovoltaic cells that convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight strikes the solar panel, the photons in the sunlight excite electrons in the semiconductor material of the solar cells, generating an electric current.

2. Charge Controller: The solar panel is connected to a charge controller, which regulates the flow of electricity from the solar panel to the battery. The charge controller prevents overcharging of the battery and ensures optimal charging efficiency, prolonging the lifespan of the battery.

3. Rechargeable Battery: The electricity generated by the solar panel is stored in a rechargeable battery. Typically, a lithium-ion or lead-acid battery is used in solar lanterns due to their high energy density and ability to withstand repeated charging and discharging cycles. The battery stores the energy during the day for use during the night when sunlight is not available.

4. LED Lights: The stored energy in the battery powers the LED lights of the solar lantern. LED lights are preferred for their energy efficiency, durability, and brightness. They consume significantly less power compared to traditional incandescent bulbs, allowing the solar lantern to operate for longer periods on a single charge.

5. Light Sensor (Optional): Some solar lanterns are equipped with light sensors that automatically turn the LED lights on at dusk and off at dawn. This feature enhances convenience and energy efficiency by ensuring that the solar lantern operates only when needed, conserving battery power.

6. Housing: The components of the solar lantern are housed in a durable and weather-resistant casing, protecting them from environmental factors such as rain, dust, and impact. The housing may also include a handle or hook for easy transportation and hanging.

Sketch:

[Insert sketch of a solar lantern with labels indicating solar panel, charge controller, rechargeable battery, LED lights, and housing]

In summary, a solar lantern harnesses solar energy to provide illumination in off-grid or remote areas where access to electricity is limited or unavailable. By utilizing sunlight as a renewable energy source, solar lanterns offer a sustainable and cost-effective lighting solution for various applications, including camping, emergency preparedness, and rural electrification.