An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or the environment and requires urgent intervention to prevent worsening of the situation. Emergencies can range from natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods to medical emergencies such as heart attacks and injuries. They require prompt action to minimize the impact and ensure the safety and well-being of those affected.

1. Assess the Situation: The first aid provider must quickly assess the situation to determine the nature and severity of the injury or illness.

2. Provide Immediate Care: Provide immediate care to the victim based on the assessment, including controlling bleeding, managing shock, and stabilizing injuries.

3. Seek Professional Help: If the situation requires advanced medical care, the first aid provider must call for professional medical help and provide clear and concise information about the situation.

4. Monitor the Victim: Continuously monitor the victim's condition and provide ongoing care as necessary until professional help arrives.

5. Document the Incident: Keep a record of the care provided, including details of the injury or illness, the care given, and any changes in the victim's condition. This information may be important for medical professionals later on.

a) First aid Box can be used for multiple purposes. (T)
b) Road ambulance is the most widely used and least expensive mode of transportation. (F)
c) One must avoid complete chest recoil after each chest compression while giving CPR. (F)
d) Greenstick fracture involves the bone getting shattered into many pieces. (F)
e) Any percentage exceeding 18 % is an extensive burn. (T)

First aid providers play a crucial role in providing immediate care to injured or ill individuals. Following safe practices is essential to ensure the well-being of both the first aid provider and the victim. Here are some safe practices to be followed by first aid providers in emergencies:

1. Assess the Scene: Before approaching the victim, assess the scene for any potential hazards, such as fire, hazardous materials, or traffic. Ensure your own safety before providing aid.

2. Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate PPE, such as gloves, mask, or goggles, to protect yourself from bodily fluids and other potential hazards.

3. Obtain Consent: Before providing aid, obtain consent from the victim if they are conscious and able to communicate. If the victim is unconscious or unable to communicate, assume implied consent for life-saving interventions.

4. Call for Help: If the situation is serious or beyond your level of training, call for professional medical help immediately. Provide clear and concise information about the situation and follow any instructions given by emergency services.

5. Control Bleeding: If the victim is bleeding, apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or bandage. Elevate the injured limb if possible and continue to apply pressure until help arrives.

6. Stabilize Injuries: If the victim has suspected fractures or spinal injuries, avoid moving them unless absolutely necessary. Use splints or other immobilization techniques to stabilize the injury.

7. Monitor Vital Signs: Check the victim's pulse, breathing, and level of consciousness regularly. Be prepared to perform CPR or other life-saving interventions if necessary.

8. Provide Comfort: Reassure the victim and provide comfort while waiting for help to arrive. Keep them warm and try to keep them calm and still.

9. Document Care: Make a note of the care provided, including any interventions performed and the victim's response. This information may be helpful for medical professionals later on.

10. Follow Up: After the initial care has been provided, follow up with the victim if possible to ensure they are recovering well. Provide any additional assistance or information as needed.

By following these safe practices, first aid providers can effectively respond to emergencies while minimizing risks to themselves and the victim.

Moving an injured person should be done carefully to avoid causing further harm. Here are the methods used by a first aid provider when moving a victim:

Dragging:
Dragging is a method used to move a victim to safety when it is not possible to lift or carry them. It is typically used for short distances and when there is no other way to move the person. When dragging a victim, the following steps should be followed:

1. Assess the Situation: Before attempting to move the victim, assess the surroundings for any potential hazards or obstacles.

2. Position the Victim: Position the victim on their back if possible, and ensure their arms and legs are not caught on anything.

3. Drag the Victim: Grasp the victim's clothing or a blanket under their shoulders or armpits, and drag them to safety. Avoid dragging the victim over rough or uneven surfaces if possible.

4. Monitor the Victim: While dragging, monitor the victim for any signs of distress or worsening of their condition.

Log Rolling:
Log rolling is a technique used to move a victim onto their side, typically to open their airway or to assess and treat injuries to the back or spine. It is important to log roll a victim carefully to avoid causing further injury. Here's how it's done:

1. Position the Rescuer: Position yourself at the victim's side, facing their head.

2. Stabilize the Head and Neck: Place one hand on the victim's forehead and the other hand under their chin, and gently lift the chin to open the airway.

3. Roll the Victim: With the help of another rescuer, gently roll the victim onto their side, keeping their head, neck, and back in a straight line.

4. Check the Airway: Once the victim is on their side, check their airway to ensure it remains clear.

5. Monitor the Victim: While the victim is on their side, monitor their breathing and condition closely.

It is important to practice these techniques under the guidance of a trained professional to ensure the safety of both the rescuer and the victim.