According to WHO definition when does a person becomes a addict?

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), addiction, also known as substance use disorder, is characterized by a pattern of harmful use of a substance, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. The WHO's definition of addiction emphasizes both the behavioral and physiological aspects of substance use disorders. There are several criteria that must be met for an individual to be diagnosed with addiction:

1. Impaired Control:

   • One of the hallmark features of addiction is impaired control over substance use. This includes a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use despite repeated attempts to do so.
   • Individuals with addiction may find themselves consuming larger amounts of the substance or using it for longer periods than intended. They may also experience cravings or strong urges to use the substance.

2. Social Impairment:

   • Addiction often leads to social impairment, characterized by disruptions in social, occupational, or recreational activities. Individuals may neglect responsibilities at work, school, or home due to their substance use.
   • Relationships with family members, friends, and colleagues may suffer as a result of the individual's preoccupation with obtaining and using the substance. Social isolation and withdrawal from previously enjoyable activities are common features of addiction.

3. Risky Use:

   • Continued substance use despite knowledge of its harmful consequences is another criterion for addiction. Individuals may engage in risky behaviors, such as driving under the influence, using the substance in hazardous situations, or neglecting personal safety and hygiene.
   • Despite experiencing adverse physical, psychological, or legal consequences as a result of substance use, individuals with addiction persist in their patterns of use.

4. Tolerance:

   • Tolerance refers to the need for increased amounts of the substance to achieve the desired effects or a diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance. Tolerance develops as the body adapts to the presence of the substance, requiring higher doses to produce the desired effects.
   • Individuals with addiction may gradually escalate their substance use over time in response to increasing tolerance, leading to greater risks of overdose and other complications.

5. Withdrawal:

   • Withdrawal symptoms occur when substance use is reduced or discontinued after a period of heavy or prolonged use. These symptoms can be physical, psychological, or both, and they vary depending on the substance involved.
   • Withdrawal symptoms may include nausea, sweating, tremors, anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia, and intense cravings for the substance. The presence of withdrawal symptoms is indicative of physical dependence and may motivate individuals to continue using the substance to avoid or alleviate discomfort.

6. Duration and Persistence:

   • The symptoms of addiction must persist for a significant period, typically at least 12 months, to meet diagnostic criteria. However, the duration and severity of addiction can vary widely among individuals, and some individuals may experience rapid deterioration in functioning and health due to addiction.

In conclusion, addiction, as defined by the World Health Organization, is characterized by impaired control over substance use, social impairment, risky use despite harmful consequences, tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and persistence over time. Addiction is a complex and multifaceted condition that can have profound effects on physical health, mental well-being, social relationships, and overall quality of life. Effective interventions for addiction involve comprehensive assessment, individualized treatment plans, and ongoing support to address the underlying factors contributing to substance use disorder and promote recovery and wellness.