Define Cognitive distortions.
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Cognitive distortions are systematic patterns of biased thinking that individuals develop over time, leading to irrational or inaccurate perceptions of themselves, others, and the world around them. These distorted thought processes can contribute to negative emotions, maladaptive behaviors, and mental health challenges. Commonly associated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), the identification and correction of cognitive distortions are integral to promoting healthier thinking patterns.
Some common cognitive distortions include:
All-or-Nothing Thinking: Seeing situations in black-and-white terms without recognizing shades of gray, leading to extreme evaluations of success or failure.
Catastrophizing: Expecting the worst possible outcome, even when evidence suggests otherwise.
Overgeneralization: Drawing broad conclusions based on limited evidence, applying negative experiences to all similar situations.
Personalization: Taking excessive responsibility for external events or attributing unrelated outcomes to oneself.
Filtering: Focusing solely on the negative aspects of a situation while ignoring positive elements.
Mind Reading: Assuming knowledge of others' thoughts or intentions without concrete evidence.
Labeling: Assigning global, negative labels to oneself or others based on specific behaviors.
Identifying and challenging cognitive distortions is a key component of cognitive-behavioral therapy, allowing individuals to develop more balanced, realistic perspectives. This process helps to alleviate emotional distress, improve problem-solving skills, and promote overall mental well-being.