Define Dual nature of particle.

The dual nature of particles refers to the phenomenon, established in quantum mechanics, where particles such as electrons and photons exhibit both particle-like and wave-like properties under different experimental conditions. This duality is a fundamental aspect of quantum theory and challenges classical notions of particles as distinct, localized entities.

In experiments like the double-slit experiment, particles demonstrate wave-like behavior, creating interference patterns as if they were waves passing through the slits. However, when the particles are observed or measured, they behave more like localized particles, leaving a distinct pattern on the detector.

This duality is encapsulated by the wave-particle duality principle, suggesting that all matter exhibits both wave-like and particle-like characteristics. The nature of the observation or measurement influences whether a particle appears more as a localized entity or as a spread-out wave.

The dual nature of particles has profound implications for our understanding of the microscopic world, challenging classical intuitions and emphasizing the probabilistic and non-intuitive nature of quantum phenomena. It remains a central concept in quantum mechanics, essential for explaining various experimental outcomes and advancing our comprehension of the behavior of particles at the quantum level.