Define Human Development Index (HDI).
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Define Human Development Index (HDI).
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistical measure introduced by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to assess and rank countries based on their average achievements in three fundamental dimensions of human development. These dimensions are:
Health and Life Expectancy: Measured by life expectancy at birth, reflecting the overall health and longevity of the population.
Education: Evaluated through a combination of mean years of schooling for adults aged 25 years and older, and expected years of schooling for children entering school.
Standard of Living: Assessed by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita, considering purchasing power parity to account for economic disparities and variations in the cost of living.
The HDI provides a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on a country's development compared to traditional economic indicators. Nations with higher HDI values are considered to have achieved greater levels of human development, emphasizing the well-being and capabilities of their citizens. The HDI is widely used as a tool for policy formulation, evaluation, and international comparisons, offering insights into the broader aspects of human well-being beyond economic factors.