Define Induction.

Induction is a method of reasoning and inference in which specific instances or observations are used to derive general principles, patterns, or conclusions. Unlike deductive reasoning, which starts with general principles to derive specific conclusions, induction moves from specific examples to broader generalizations.

In the process of induction, individuals make observations or gather data from specific cases and then formulate a generalization or hypothesis based on the observed patterns. The goal is to infer a likely or probable conclusion that extends beyond the observed instances. Inductive reasoning involves probability rather than certainty, and the strength of the conclusion depends on the reliability and representativeness of the observed examples.

One classic example of induction is the observation of a series of swans, all of which are white, leading to the induction that all swans are white. However, this conclusion is revisable if new observations introduce different evidence, such as the discovery of non-white swans.

Induction plays a crucial role in scientific inquiry, empirical research, and everyday decision-making, allowing individuals to draw generalizations and make predictions based on observed patterns. While induction has its strengths in terms of flexibility and adaptability, it also carries inherent limitations, as the conclusions reached are not guaranteed and are subject to revision in the face of new evidence.