Define IoT application in transportation system.

IoT (Internet of Things) applications in transportation systems involve the integration of connected devices, sensors, and data analytics to improve the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of transportation networks. These applications include:

1. Smart Traffic Management: IoT sensors and cameras collect real-time traffic data, allowing for dynamic traffic management, congestion monitoring, and adaptive signal control systems to optimize traffic flow and reduce congestion.

2. Fleet Management: IoT-enabled tracking devices installed in vehicles provide real-time monitoring of vehicle location, status, and performance, enabling efficient fleet management, route optimization, and maintenance scheduling.

3. Public Transportation Systems: IoT sensors on buses, trains, and stations enable real-time tracking of public transportation services, improving passenger experience, reducing waiting times, and enhancing operational efficiency.

4. Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication: IoT devices in vehicles and roadside infrastructure facilitate communication between vehicles and traffic signals, signs, and other infrastructure elements, enabling cooperative systems for improved safety and traffic flow.

5. Smart Parking Solutions: IoT sensors installed in parking spaces detect occupancy and availability, guiding drivers to vacant spots, reducing search time, and alleviating parking congestion in urban areas.

Overall, IoT applications in transportation systems enhance connectivity, data-driven decision-making, and operational efficiency, leading to safer, more sustainable, and user-friendly transportation networks.