Discuss M.P. Follett views on principles of administration.

Mary Parker Follett, a pioneering thinker in management and administrative theory, contributed significantly to the understanding of principles of administration. Her views, articulated in the early 20th century, focused on a holistic and humanistic approach to management that departed from traditional hierarchical models.

1. Integration and Coordination:
Follett advocated for the integration and coordination of various functions within an organization. She emphasized the importance of harmonizing individual efforts to achieve common goals. According to her, effective coordination involves resolving conflicts through collaboration rather than imposing hierarchical authority.

2. Principle of Giving Orders:
Contrary to the top-down command approach prevalent in her time, Follett proposed a more collaborative principle of giving orders. She believed that orders should not be dictatorial but should emerge from collective decision-making processes. This idea aligns with her emphasis on group dynamics and participative decision-making.

3. Principle of Functional Foremanship:
Follett highlighted the significance of recognizing expertise in specific functions. She suggested that individuals should have a say in decisions related to their areas of expertise, promoting a more decentralized and specialized form of decision-making. This resonates with modern concepts of empowering employees based on their skills and knowledge.

4. Principle of Harmony:
Central to Follett's principles was the idea of harmony in organizational relationships. She argued that conflicts should not be avoided or suppressed but embraced as opportunities for creative problem-solving. The principle of harmony underscores the importance of leveraging diversity and differing perspectives for organizational innovation.

5. Principle of Reciprocal Relations:
Follett emphasized the interconnectedness and reciprocal nature of relationships within an organization. She argued that individuals and groups should recognize their interdependence, fostering mutual respect and collaboration. This principle aligns with contemporary notions of building strong organizational cultures based on trust and collaboration.

6. Principle of Unity of Command:
While Follett advocated for a departure from traditional command structures, she recognized the need for unity of command. However, her interpretation of this principle differed from the traditional hierarchical view. Follett believed that unity of command should be based on the unity of purpose and understanding rather than strict hierarchical authority.

7. Principle of Discipline:
Follett's views on discipline were aligned with her emphasis on shared values and mutual understanding. She suggested that discipline should emerge naturally from the integration of individual and organizational goals, fostering a sense of responsibility and commitment among employees.

In summary, Mary Parker Follett's views on the principles of administration were groundbreaking in their departure from traditional hierarchical approaches. She emphasized collaboration, integration, and the recognition of individual expertise, anticipating contemporary management principles. Follett's humanistic perspective and focus on harmonious relationships laid the foundation for participative management and collaborative organizational cultures that are increasingly valued in today's dynamic and diverse workplaces.