Enlist the major functions of the following: i) Carbohydrates ii) Fats iii) Water

Certainly! Here are the major functions of carbohydrates, fats, and water in the body:

i) Carbohydrates:

• Energy Source: Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which fuels cellular activities and provides energy for muscles, organs, and the brain.
• Storage of Energy: Excess glucose is converted and stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, serving as a readily available energy reserve.
• Supports Metabolism: Carbohydrates play a role in the metabolism of fats and proteins, preventing the breakdown of protein for energy.
• Brain Function: Glucose derived from carbohydrates is essential for proper brain function and cognitive performance.

ii) Fats:

• Energy Storage: Fats serve as a concentrated source of energy, providing more than twice the energy per gram compared to carbohydrates and proteins.
• Cellular Structure: Fats are crucial components of cell membranes, contributing to membrane structure and function.
• Insulation and Protection: Adipose tissue (fat) acts as insulation to retain body heat and cushions organs, providing protection.
• Absorption of Fat-Soluble Vitamins: Fats facilitate the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and certain phytonutrients.

iii) Water:

• Hydration: Water is essential for maintaining proper hydration levels in the body, supporting various physiological functions.
• Temperature Regulation: Water helps regulate body temperature through perspiration and evaporation.
• Transport Medium: Water serves as a solvent, facilitating the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products within the body.
• Cellular Function: Water is a key component of cells, tissues, and organs, enabling cellular activities and metabolic processes.
• Joint Lubrication: Water lubricates joints and acts as a shock absorber for organs and tissues.

These functions highlight the critical roles that carbohydrates, fats, and water play in supporting overall health and well-being, underscoring the importance of consuming a balanced diet and staying adequately hydrated.