Explain ABO blood group system.
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The ABO blood group system classifies human blood into four main types: A, B, AB, and O, based on the presence or absence of specific antigens (A and B) on red blood cells. The system also considers antibodies in the plasma. Blood type A has A antigens, type B has B antigens, type AB has both, and type O has neither. Additionally, individuals with type A blood produce anti-B antibodies, and those with type B produce anti-A antibodies. The ABO system is crucial for blood transfusions to ensure compatibility and avoid adverse reactions.