Explain Albania Communist movement.

The Communist movement in Albania emerged in the aftermath of World War II, as the country underwent significant political upheaval and social transformation. Led by Enver Hoxha and the Albanian Communist Party (later renamed the Party of Labour of Albania), the Communist movement aimed to overthrow the monarchy and establish a socialist state based on Marxist-Leninist principles.

In November 1944, Albanian partisans, including Communist guerrilla forces, liberated the country from Axis occupation and established a provisional government led by the Communist Party. Under Hoxha's leadership, Albania embarked on a radical program of socio-economic transformation, nationalization of industries, and collectivization of agriculture, inspired by the Soviet model of socialism.

The Communist regime implemented far-reaching policies to consolidate its power and assert control over all aspects of society. Political dissent was ruthlessly suppressed, and opposition parties were banned, leading to the establishment of a one-party state. Hoxha's regime implemented a centrally planned economy, emphasizing heavy industry and self-reliance, while promoting a cult of personality around the leader.

Albania's Communist movement aligned itself with the Soviet Union initially, receiving economic and military assistance. However, in the late 1950s, Albania's relations with the Soviet bloc soured, leading to a split with Moscow and alignment with China during the Sino-Soviet split. Albania pursued a policy of "autarky" or self-reliance, distancing itself from both the Soviet Union and China in the pursuit of an independent path to socialism.

Despite its isolation and economic hardships, the Albanian Communist regime maintained tight control over the country until the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe in the late 1980s. The death of Enver Hoxha in 1985 and subsequent reforms in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe precipitated political upheaval in Albania, culminating in the fall of the Communist regime in 1991 and the establishment of a multiparty democracy.

In summary, the Communist movement in Albania under Enver Hoxha's leadership pursued a radical agenda of socialist transformation, characterized by authoritarian rule, central planning, and isolation from the Soviet bloc. While the regime implemented policies aimed at modernizing the country, it also stifled political dissent and perpetuated a cult of personality, leaving a complex legacy of both achievements and repression.