Explain Economic bases of swaraj.

The economic bases of Swaraj, as envisioned by Mahatma Gandhi, were deeply rooted in the principles of self-sufficiency, decentralization, and the promotion of economic justice. Gandhi's vision for Swaraj extended beyond mere political independence to encompass a sustainable and morally grounded economic system.

1. Decentralized Economy:
   Gandhi advocated for a decentralized economic structure, emphasizing the importance of self-sufficient villages and local communities. He believed that economic power should be distributed widely, allowing each village to meet its basic needs locally. This decentralized approach aimed to empower communities and reduce dependence on centralized and exploitative economic systems.

2. Cottage Industries:
   Gandhi placed great emphasis on the revival of traditional cottage industries, promoting hand-spinning (Khadi) and hand-weaving. These small-scale, decentralized industries were seen as instruments of economic self-reliance, providing employment opportunities at the local level and preserving traditional skills. The promotion of Khadi also symbolized a rejection of mass-produced goods associated with colonial exploitation.

3. Agrarian Self-Sufficiency:
   In the agricultural sector, Gandhi advocated for sustainable and organic farming practices. He stressed the importance of respecting the environment and avoiding over-reliance on chemical fertilizers and machinery. Gandhi envisioned villages that could sustain themselves through local agriculture, promoting food security and ecological balance.

4. Economic Equality:
   Swaraj aimed at addressing economic inequalities by ensuring fair distribution of wealth. Gandhi criticized the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few and called for economic policies that prioritize the welfare of the masses. He advocated for a more equitable distribution of resources, with a focus on meeting the basic needs of all individuals.

5. Simplicity and Non-Exploitation:
   Gandhi's economic vision for Swaraj was based on the principles of simplicity and non-exploitation. He encouraged individuals to adopt a frugal lifestyle, emphasizing the pursuit of genuine needs over excessive desires. This rejection of consumerism aimed to create a society that values moral and spiritual well-being over material possessions.

In summary, the economic bases of Swaraj, according to Gandhi, were founded on the principles of decentralization, self-sufficiency, economic equality, and moral values. By promoting local industries, sustainable agriculture, and economic justice, Gandhi sought to create an economic system that aligns with the broader vision of Swaraj as holistic self-rule.