Explain Gandhian approach to Hindu-Muslim unity.

Mahatma Gandhi was deeply committed to fostering Hindu-Muslim unity and religious harmony in India. His approach to achieving this unity was grounded in the principles of truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa). Gandhi believed in the inherent unity of all religions and sought to bridge the gaps between Hindus and Muslims through various means:

1. Sarvodaya (Welfare of All):
   Gandhi's vision of Sarvodaya, emphasizing the welfare of all, formed the foundation of his approach to Hindu-Muslim unity. He believed that the well-being of one community was intricately linked with the well-being of others. By promoting the idea of a shared destiny and common humanity, he sought to transcend religious divides.

2. Khilafat Movement:
   During the Khilafat Movement (1919-1924), Gandhi actively supported the cause of Indian Muslims who were agitating against the dismantling of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I. By aligning with the Khilafat Movement, Gandhi aimed to forge a Hindu-Muslim alliance against British colonialism. This collaboration demonstrated his commitment to joint struggles for justice and independence.

3. Ahimsa and Interfaith Harmony:
   Gandhi's principle of non-violence extended to interfaith relations. He believed that genuine Hindu-Muslim unity could only be achieved through mutual respect, understanding, and the renunciation of violence. He encouraged open dialogue between religious communities, emphasizing shared values and common goals.

4. Communal Harmony during Movements:
   Whether it was the Non-Cooperation Movement or the Civil Disobedience Movement, Gandhi emphasized the need for Hindus and Muslims to unite in the pursuit of India's independence. He urged both communities to set aside religious differences and work together for the larger cause of self-rule.

5. Equal Representation and Rights:
   Gandhi advocated for equal representation and rights for Hindus and Muslims in political and social spheres. He opposed any form of discrimination based on religion and worked towards ensuring that both communities had a fair share in the decision-making processes of the nation.

6. Respect for All Religions:
   Gandhi deeply respected all religions and encouraged others to do the same. He believed in the coexistence of diverse faiths and envisioned a pluralistic society where religious differences were celebrated rather than becoming sources of conflict.

Gandhi's efforts to promote Hindu-Muslim unity were not without challenges, and he faced criticism from various quarters. However, his unwavering commitment to non-violence and his ability to connect with people across religious lines left a lasting impact. While his vision of a united India was not fully realized at the time of independence in 1947, the principles he espoused continue to be relevant in contemporary discussions on religious harmony and coexistence.