Explain Green Revolution.
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The Green Revolution refers to a period of significant agricultural transformation that took place in the mid-20th century, particularly in the 1960s and 1970s. It involved the adoption of modern agricultural techniques and technologies, including the use of high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and improved irrigation methods.
The Green Revolution aimed to increase agricultural productivity and food production to meet the growing demands of rapidly increasing populations in developing countries, particularly in Asia. This initiative, led by researchers such as Norman Borlaug, focused initially on wheat and later expanded to rice and other crops.
The Green Revolution resulted in substantial increases in crop yields, transforming countries like India into self-sufficient food producers and significantly reducing poverty and hunger. However, it also led to environmental concerns due to increased use of chemical inputs, depletion of groundwater resources, loss of biodiversity, and negative impacts on soil health.
Overall, the Green Revolution marked a pivotal moment in agricultural history, demonstrating the potential of modern technology to boost food production but also highlighting the need for sustainable and environmentally conscious approaches to agriculture.