Explain John Locke on social contract and civil society.

John Locke, a key figure in Enlightenment philosophy, articulated a theory of the social contract and civil society that significantly influenced modern political thought. Locke's ideas, particularly outlined in his work "Two Treatises of Government," emphasized the consent of individuals as the foundation of legitimate political authority. Here's an explanation of Locke's views on the social contract and civil society:

Social Contract:
Locke argued that individuals originally exist in a state of nature characterized by freedom and equality. However, in this state, there are inconveniences such as insecurity and potential conflict. To remedy this, individuals voluntarily enter into a social contract, agreeing to form a civil society governed by common laws for the protection of their natural rights, including life, liberty, and property. According to Locke, government derives its authority from the consent of the governed, and its legitimacy is contingent upon its ability to protect these rights. Unlike Hobbes, Locke believed that if a government violates these rights, they