Explain National Committee on IHL.

A National Committee on International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is a governmental advisory body tasked with promoting and implementing IHL within a country. These committees serve as a bridge between international humanitarian principles and national legislation, ensuring that a state's legal and administrative frameworks align with its IHL obligations.

The committee's roles include advising the government on IHL matters, assisting in the ratification and implementation of IHL treaties, and promoting awareness and education on IHL principles among state officials, military personnel, and the public. They also collaborate with international organizations, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), to enhance compliance with IHL.

In India, the National Committee on IHL works under the Ministry of External Affairs and includes representatives from various government departments, armed forces, and legal experts. It focuses on integrating IHL into national laws, policies, and military training programs, and ensuring India's adherence to international treaties like the Geneva Conventions.

By fostering a national culture of respect for humanitarian principles, these committees play a crucial role in the protection of human rights during armed conflicts, contributing to global efforts to minimize the impact of war on civilians and combatants alike.