Explain Neo–liberal Globalisation and civil society.

Neoliberal globalization refers to the economic, political, and social processes associated with the spread of neoliberal ideology and policies on a global scale. Neoliberalism advocates for free-market capitalism, deregulation, privatization, and limited government intervention in the economy. Civil society, comprising non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community groups, and advocacy networks, plays a crucial role in shaping and responding to the impacts of neoliberal globalization.

1. Advocacy and Resistance: Civil society organizations often challenge neoliberal policies and practices that prioritize corporate interests over social welfare. They advocate for alternative approaches to development that prioritize equity, sustainability, and human rights. Civil society campaigns have successfully opposed neoliberal policies such as austerity measures, privatization of public services, and free trade agreements that exacerbate inequality and undermine social protections.

2. Policy Monitoring and Accountability: Civil society monitors the implementation of neoliberal policies and holds governments and corporations accountable for their social and environmental impacts. Through research, advocacy, and public education, civil society organizations highlight the adverse effects of neoliberal globalization on marginalized communities, workers' rights, and the environment. They push for greater transparency, democratic participation, and corporate responsibility in decision-making processes.

3. Alternative Models of Development: Civil society promotes alternative models of development that prioritize people-centered approaches over profit-driven agendas. Grassroots movements, community organizations, and indigenous groups advocate for local autonomy, sustainable livelihoods, and cultural preservation in the face of neoliberal globalization. They resist the imposition of neoliberal economic reforms that undermine traditional livelihoods, social cohesion, and cultural diversity.

4. Building Transnational Solidarity: Civil society fosters transnational solidarity and cooperation to confront the global dimensions of neoliberalism. NGOs, social movements, and advocacy networks form alliances across borders to challenge corporate power, promote global justice, and advance human rights. By mobilizing collective action and sharing resources, civil society strengthens resistance to neoliberal globalization and promotes solidarity among affected communities worldwide.

In conclusion, civil society plays a vital role in responding to the challenges posed by neoliberal globalization. By advocating for alternative visions of development, monitoring policy impacts, holding power-holders accountable, and building transnational solidarity, civil society contributes to shaping a more just, equitable, and sustainable world amidst the forces of neoliberalism.