Explain the influence of Indic religions on Gandhi’s concept of Ahinsa.

Mahatma Gandhi's concept of Ahimsa (non-violence) was profoundly influenced by the spiritual and ethical teachings of Indic religions, particularly Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism. The principles of non-violence, compassion, and self-discipline embedded in these traditions served as the philosophical bedrock for Gandhi's advocacy of non-violent resistance and his commitment to truth.

1. Hinduism:

   • Bhagavad Gita: A key scripture in Hinduism, the Bhagavad Gita played a crucial role in shaping Gandhi's understanding of Ahimsa. Gandhi viewed the Gita as a spiritual guide that emphasized selfless action, devotion, and the pursuit of righteousness. The Gita's teachings on performing one's duties without attachment to the fruits of actions resonated with Gandhi's belief in the moral duty of individuals to resist injustice through non-violent means.
   • Ramayana and Mahabharata: The epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata were instrumental in shaping Gandhi's moral and ethical framework. The stories of Lord Rama and Lord Krishna, both embodiments of dharma (righteousness), influenced Gandhi's belief in the power of truth and the moral duty to resist tyranny. Gandhi often referred to Rama and Krishna as exemplars of non-violent action and spiritual wisdom.

2. Jainism:

   • Principle of Ahimsa: Jainism, with its profound emphasis on Ahimsa, or non-violence, left an indelible mark on Gandhi's philosophy. Jain teachings, articulated by spiritual leaders like Lord Mahavira, emphasized the interconnectedness of all living beings and the imperative to avoid harm to any form of life. Gandhi adopted and internalized the Jain principle of Ahimsa as a guiding principle for his life and activism.
   • Vegetarianism: Gandhi's commitment to vegetarianism, another principle borrowed from Jainism, was an integral aspect of his practice of non-violence. The Jain emphasis on refraining from causing harm to any living being, including animals, influenced Gandhi's dietary choices and became a symbolic expression of his commitment to non-violence.

3. Buddhism:

   • Noble Eightfold Path: The teachings of the Buddha, particularly the Noble Eightfold Path, resonated with Gandhi's quest for ethical and spiritual living. The principles of Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Livelihood align closely with Gandhi's emphasis on truth, non-violence, and ethical conduct.
   • Dhammapada: Gandhi was deeply inspired by the Dhammapada, a collection of sayings of the Buddha. The verses on restraint, compassion, and the control of one's mind reinforced Gandhi's commitment to self-discipline and the renunciation of violence.

4. Synthesis of Religions:

   • Gandhi's approach to religion was inclusive, and he sought to synthesize the ethical and spiritual principles common to various Indic traditions. His belief in Sarvadharma Samabhava, or equal respect for all religions, reflected his understanding that the essence of religious teachings transcends doctrinal differences. Gandhi's idea of a unified spiritual path drew from the universal ethical principles found in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and other traditions.

In conclusion, Gandhi's concept of Ahimsa was deeply rooted in the ethical and spiritual teachings of Indic religions. The interconnectedness of all living beings, the pursuit of righteousness, and the commitment to truth found in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism shaped Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance. By synthesizing these teachings, Gandhi developed a unique approach to Ahimsa that became a guiding principle not only for India's struggle for independence but also for his vision of a just and harmonious world.