What did Durkhein mean by ‘forced dicision of labour’?

Émile Durkheim introduced the concept of the "forced division of labor" to describe a form of social organization where individuals are compelled to specialize in specific roles and tasks due to external constraints rather than personal choice. In societies characterized by the forced division of labor, individuals' roles are determined by factors such as tradition, custom, or external demands rather than individual preferences or aptitudes.

Durkheim argued that this forced division of labor could lead to social cohesion and integration, as individuals become interdependent on each other for their diverse specialized contributions. However, he also recognized potential negative consequences, such as the risk of anomie— a state of normlessness or moral confusion—arising from a lack of shared values or norms in rapidly changing societies. Durkheim's exploration of the forced division of labor contributes to our understanding of how social structures influence individual roles and the potential impact on societal solidarity.