What is ‘Great Tradition’ and ‘Little Tradition’?

The terms "Great Tradition" and "Little Tradition" are concepts introduced by sociologist Robert Redfield to describe the coexistence of different cultural systems within a society.

Great Tradition:
The Great Tradition refers to the dominant, formal, and often institutionalized cultural practices, beliefs, and norms within a society. It represents the overarching cultural framework that is often associated with urban, educated elites, religious institutions, and formal education systems. The Great Tradition embodies the more standardized and codified aspects of culture that are considered prestigious and authoritative.

Little Tradition:
In contrast, the Little Tradition refers to the localized, informal, and often folk or grassroots cultural practices prevalent in rural or non-elite communities. It encompasses the everyday practices, rituals, and beliefs of ordinary people and is typically transmitted through oral traditions, folklore, and informal socialization. The Little Tradition represents the cultural expressions of non-elite, often rural, communities that may coexist alongside or resist elements of the Great Tradition.

The coexistence of these two traditions highlights the cultural diversity and complexity within a society, where formalized and prestigious cultural elements interact with and often incorporate practices from local, grassroots traditions.