What is network topology? Explain star and bus topology with the help of suitable diagrams.

Network topology refers to the arrangement of different elements (links, nodes, etc.) in a computer network. It defines how various network devices are connected and how data is transmitted.

Star Topology:

• Description: All devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
• Advantages: Easy to install and manage; failure of one device doesn’t affect the others.
• Disadvantages: Central hub failure can bring down the entire network.
• Diagram:

          Device
             |
      Device - Hub/Switch - Device
             |
          Device
  

Bus Topology:

• Description: All devices are connected to a single central cable, the bus.
• Advantages: Easy to implement and requires less cable.
• Disadvantages: A cable break can disable the entire network; limited cable length and number of devices.
• Diagram:

  Device --- Device --- Device --- Device
           (Bus/Cable)
  

These diagrams represent the basic layout and connections of devices in star and bus topologies.