What is “Viharas”?

"Viharas" are Buddhist monastic complexes or dwellings, serving as places of residence and meditation for Buddhist monks and nuns. The term "Vihara" is derived from the Sanskrit word for "dwelling" or "refuge." Viharas play a crucial role in the practice of Buddhism as centers for spiritual development, study, and communal living.

These structures originated during the time of Gautama Buddha, who established the first vihara, Jetavana, near Sravasti in ancient India. Viharas typically consist of meditation halls, living quarters for monastics, and spaces for communal activities. They may be located in urban areas, providing a retreat for monks and nuns amidst the challenges of daily life, or in secluded locations for a more contemplative environment.

Viharas are essential to the Buddhist monastic tradition, facilitating a dedicated space for meditation, study of Buddhist scriptures, and communal rituals. Over time, the concept of viharas has spread across various Buddhist traditions and regions, adapting to local architectural styles and cultural influences. In addition to serving as places of spiritual practice, viharas often become centers for education, where monks and nuns impart teachings to the broader community, contributing to the dissemination of Buddhist philosophy and values.