Write a note on the composition of Mughal ruling class with reference to Rajputs and other Hindus.

The composition of the Mughal ruling class was characterized by a diverse and inclusive approach, reflecting the Mughal emperors' efforts to integrate various ethnic, religious, and regional groups into their administration. The Mughals, recognizing the administrative and martial capabilities of different communities, actively included Rajputs and other Hindus in their ruling elite.

Rajputs:
The Rajputs, known for their warrior ethos and martial skills, were a crucial component of the Mughal ruling class. Emperors like Akbar, recognizing the valor and loyalty of the Rajputs, sought to integrate them into the imperial administration through matrimonial alliances and appointments to key administrative and military positions.

1. Matrimonial Alliances:

• Akbar, in particular, adopted a policy of matrimonial alliances with Rajput princesses. This not only strengthened the Mughal-Rajput relations but also facilitated the assimilation of Rajput nobility into the Mughal court.

2. Administrative Positions:

• Rajput chieftains were appointed to high administrative positions, ensuring their participation in governance. Raja Man Singh, Raja Todar Mal, and Raja Birbal were prominent Rajput nobles who held key administrative posts during Akbar's reign.

3. Military Integration:

• The Mughals recognized the martial prowess of the Rajputs and enlisted them in the imperial army. Rajput contingents played crucial roles in various military campaigns, contributing to the strength of the Mughal military.

Other Hindus:
Apart from the Rajputs, the Mughal ruling class included Hindus from diverse backgrounds who held influential positions in administration, finance, and the military.

1. Marathas and Deccan Sultanates:

• The Marathas, particularly during the reign of Aurangzeb, held significant military positions. However, the later years witnessed tensions between the Mughals and Marathas, leading to conflicts.

2. Revenue Administration:

• Many Hindu officials were appointed to key revenue and financial positions. Raja Todar Mal, an able finance minister under Akbar, introduced revenue reforms that significantly contributed to the Mughal administration's efficiency.

3. Cultural Integration:

• The Mughal court was a melting pot of diverse cultures and religions. Hindus and Muslims collaborated in various artistic, literary, and architectural endeavors, contributing to the rich cultural tapestry of the Mughal Empire.

This inclusive approach towards the ruling class helped the Mughals in fostering a sense of unity and stability in their vast and diverse empire. While the Mughal emperors were Muslim, their administration was marked by a pluralistic ethos, acknowledging the contributions of Hindus and other communities to the overall governance and prosperity of the empire. This diversity in the ruling class played a crucial role in the success and longevity of the Mughal Empire.