Write a short note on how does fundamentalism lead to violence ?
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Fundamentalism, characterized by strict adherence to traditional religious beliefs and the rejection of modern secular values, can lead to violence through several mechanisms:
Literal Interpretation: Fundamentalist groups often interpret religious texts and doctrines in a literal and absolutist manner, viewing them as the sole source of truth and authority. This literalism can lead to the justification of violent actions based on perceived divine commandments or mandates found within sacred texts.
Exclusivist Ideology: Fundamentalist ideologies often promote a sense of exclusivity and superiority, viewing adherents of other religious traditions as infidels, heretics, or enemies. This exclusivism can breed intolerance, hatred, and dehumanization of "others," ultimately justifying acts of violence against perceived threats to religious purity or orthodoxy.
Us vs. Them Mentality: Fundamentalist groups often perceive themselves as embattled minorities facing existential threats from secularism, modernity, or rival religious groups. This "us vs. them" mentality fosters a siege mentality and a sense of victimhood, which can fuel radicalization, extremism, and violence in defense of perceived religious identity and values.
Political Instrumentalization: Fundamentalist movements may seek to achieve political power or influence through violent means, using religion as a tool to mobilize support, legitimize authoritarian rule, or justify acts of terrorism in pursuit of ideological goals.
Overall, fundamentalism can lead to violence by fostering a rigid, exclusionary worldview, promoting intolerance and hostility towards perceived outsiders, and providing a moral justification for acts of aggression and extremism in the name of religion.