Write a short note on Naga movement.

Naga Movement:

The Naga movement refers to the struggle of the Naga people for autonomy, identity, and the recognition of their distinct cultural and political rights. The roots of the movement can be traced back to the pre-independence era and gained prominence after India's independence in 1947.

Key Points:

1. Historical Context:

   • The Naga movement originated in the early 20th century when the Naga Hills became a part of British India. The Nagas resisted foreign rule and were vocal about their desire to remain independent post-British withdrawal.

2. Post-Independence Phase:

   • After India gained independence, the demand for Naga sovereignty intensified. The Naga National Council (NNC) led by Angami Zapu Phizo declared Nagaland an independent state in 1947, leading to tensions with the Indian government.

3. Armed Struggle and Ceasefire:

   • The movement took an armed turn, resulting in a protracted conflict between Naga insurgents and the Indian armed forces. The intensity of the insurgency prompted the government to declare Nagaland a disturbed area. A ceasefire agreement was eventually signed in 1997.

4. Peace Process:

   • Subsequent to the ceasefire, peace talks between the Naga insurgent groups and the Indian government have been ongoing. The demand for a Greater Nagalim, encompassing Naga-inhabited areas in neighboring states, remains a contentious issue.

5. Naga Accord:

   • The Naga Peace Accord was signed on August 3, 2015, between the Government of India and the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (Isak-Muivah faction). However, the finalization and implementation of the accord have faced delays and challenges.

6. Cultural Identity:

   • The Naga movement is not only about political autonomy but also about preserving the distinct cultural identity of the Naga people, including their rich traditions, languages, and customary practices.

7. Current Status:

   • The Naga movement continues to be a complex issue, with negotiations ongoing to address the aspirations and concerns of the Naga people. The resolution of the Naga conflict remains a significant aspect of peace-building efforts in the region.

The Naga movement represents a struggle for self-determination and recognition of the Naga people's unique identity. The historical and cultural dimensions of the movement, along with its political aspirations, underscore the complexities involved in finding a lasting and inclusive solution.