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Write a short note on Public Interest Litigation.
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to seek judicial intervention in matters of public concern for the protection of public interest. Unlike traditional litigation where the aggrieved party directly approaches the court, PIL allows any citizen or organization to file a petition on behalf of those who may be unable to approach the court themselves.
Key characteristics of Public Interest Litigation include:
Wide Scope of Issues: PIL covers a broad spectrum of issues affecting the public interest, including environmental concerns, human rights violations, corruption, and matters related to public health and safety.
Access to Justice: PIL serves as a tool for ensuring access to justice for marginalized or disadvantaged sections of society who may lack the resources or means to initiate legal proceedings.
Social Justice: The primary objective of PIL is to promote social justice and protect the rights and interests of the public at large. It acts as a check on government actions and policies to ensure they align with constitutional principles.
Public Participation: PIL encourages public participation in the legal process, allowing citizens to play an active role in shaping legal outcomes and holding authorities accountable.
Public Advocacy: Advocates or social activists can file PIL petitions, acting as the voice of the voiceless and bringing attention to systemic issues that require judicial intervention.
Judicial Activism: PIL often leads to judicial activism, where courts take proactive measures to address and remedy issues raised in the petitions, sometimes even formulating guidelines and directives for government agencies.
PIL has become an essential tool in the Indian legal system for upholding the principles of justice, equality, and the rule of law. It facilitates a broader and more inclusive approach to addressing social and public issues, making the legal system more responsive to the needs and concerns of the people.