Write a short note on types of organizational citizenship behaviour.

Types of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) refers to discretionary, voluntary actions that employees engage in to contribute positively to their workplace beyond their formal job responsibilities. These behaviors go above and beyond the basic requirements of the job and contribute to the overall functioning and effectiveness of the organization. There are several types of OCB, each of which plays a unique role in enhancing organizational performance and fostering a positive work environment.

1. Altruism:
Altruism involves helping or assisting coworkers or the organization without expecting anything in return. Employees who demonstrate altruistic behavior voluntarily offer their time, resources, or expertise to support their colleagues or assist with organizational tasks, projects, or challenges.

2. Conscientiousness:
Conscientiousness refers to employees' willingness to go the extra mile and fulfill their duties with diligence, reliability, and attention to detail. Conscientious employees exhibit high levels of responsibility, reliability, and dedication to their work, ensuring that tasks are completed thoroughly and effectively.

3. Civic Virtue:
Civic virtue involves active participation in the organization's decision-making processes, initiatives, or activities aimed at improving the workplace or contributing to the organization's goals and values. Employees who demonstrate civic virtue may participate in committees, offer constructive feedback, or engage in organizational change efforts.

4. Sportsmanship:
Sportsmanship entails maintaining a positive attitude and demonstrating good interpersonal relations, even in challenging or stressful situations. Employees who exhibit sportsmanship remain calm, respectful, and cooperative in interactions with coworkers and handle conflicts or disagreements with professionalism and maturity.

5. Courtesy:
Courtesy involves displaying politeness, kindness, and consideration toward coworkers, supervisors, and customers. Employees who exhibit courtesy greet others warmly, show appreciation for their contributions, and demonstrate respect for diverse perspectives and opinions.

In conclusion, organizational citizenship behavior encompasses a range of voluntary actions that contribute to a positive organizational climate, enhance teamwork and collaboration, and improve overall organizational effectiveness. By recognizing and encouraging different types of OCB, organizations can foster a culture of mutual support, cooperation, and engagement, leading to increased employee satisfaction, productivity, and success.