Critically examine and compare the role and functions of CBSE and your state board of examination.

The National Knowledge Commission (NKC), established in 2005 by the Government of India, aimed to provide recommendations for reforming and improving the education system, including higher education. The NKC's recommendations have had a significant impact on shaping the new structure of higher education in India in various ways.

1. Quality Enhancement:
   The NKC emphasized the importance of improving the quality of higher education by introducing measures such as accreditation of institutions, fostering research and innovation, and promoting collaboration with international universities. Many of these recommendations have influenced the development of quality assurance mechanisms, accreditation processes, and research-oriented initiatives in higher education institutions across the country.

2. Governance and Autonomy:
   The NKC recommended increased autonomy for universities and colleges to enhance their decision-making capabilities. This led to efforts to redefine the governance structure of higher education institutions, allowing them greater flexibility in academic and administrative matters. Various universities have undertaken reforms to promote academic freedom and administrative autonomy.

3. Skill Development and Vocational Education:
   Recognizing the importance of skill development, the NKC advocated for the integration of vocational education with mainstream higher education. As a result, there has been a focus on introducing skill-oriented courses and promoting industry-academia collaboration to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and practical skills.

4. ICT Integration:
   The NKC highlighted the need for integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. This recommendation has influenced the adoption of e-learning, digital resources, and online education platforms in higher education institutions, facilitating remote learning and improving access to educational resources.

5. Inclusive Education:
   The NKC emphasized the importance of making higher education more inclusive by addressing issues of equity and access. This has led to initiatives to increase enrollment from underrepresented groups, enhance financial support for students, and create a more inclusive learning environment.

6. Curriculum Reforms:
   The NKC recommended periodic revision of curricula to align them with contemporary needs and global standards. This recommendation has influenced curriculum development processes, encouraging universities to regularly update and revise their academic programs to meet the evolving demands of the job market and society.

While the NKC's recommendations have had a positive impact on reshaping higher education in India, challenges remain in the effective implementation of these reforms. Issues such as resource constraints, varying degrees of implementation across states, and the need for sustained efforts to bring about systemic changes pose ongoing challenges to the realization of the NKC's vision for higher education in India.