Define Action research.

Action research is a participatory and iterative research approach that involves systematic inquiry, reflection, and collaboration to address real-world problems or challenges within a specific context. It is a research methodology characterized by the active involvement of practitioners, stakeholders, or community members in the research process, with the primary goal of bringing about positive change or improvement in a particular situation.

Key features of action research include:

1. Collaborative Inquiry:

   • Action research emphasizes collaboration between researchers and participants. Practitioners actively engage in the research process, contributing their expertise and insights.

2. Cyclical Process:

   • Action research typically follows a cyclical or iterative process involving planning, action, observation, and reflection. This continuous cycle allows for ongoing adjustments and refinement of strategies.

3. Problem-Centered Focus:

   • The research is problem-centered, aiming to address specific issues or challenges faced by the community, organization, or individuals involved in the study.

4. Practical Application:

   • Action research is geared towards practical application and the implementation of findings to bring about positive change. It often involves the development and testing of interventions.

5. Empowerment and Participation:

   • Action research promotes the empowerment of participants by involving them in decision-making processes and encouraging active participation in problem-solving.

6. Contextual Relevance:

   • The research is contextually embedded, recognizing the importance of understanding and addressing issues within the specific social, cultural, and organizational context in which they arise.

7. Reflective Practice:

   • Reflective practice is a core component of action research, encouraging participants to critically reflect on their experiences and the impact of their actions.

Action research is commonly applied in education, healthcare, community development, and organizational settings. Its flexible and participatory nature makes it a valuable approach for addressing complex and dynamic challenges, fostering a sense of ownership and sustainability in the pursuit of positive change.