Define Cardinal Virtues.

The cardinal virtues are a set of four fundamental moral virtues that have deep roots in Western philosophical and religious traditions. These virtues serve as guiding principles for ethical conduct and personal development. The four cardinal virtues are:

1. Prudence (or Wisdom): Prudence involves the ability to make sound and practical judgments, applying knowledge and experience to make wise decisions. It emphasizes foresight, discretion, and the capacity to choose actions that lead to the common good.

2. Justice: Justice refers to the fair and equitable treatment of individuals, ensuring that each person receives what is due to them. It involves the principles of fairness, impartiality, and the commitment to upholding moral and legal rights.

3. Temperance: Temperance is the virtue of moderation and self-control, particularly in the face of desires and pleasures. It encourages individuals to balance their pursuits, avoid excesses, and maintain discipline in various aspects of life.

4. Fortitude (or Courage): Fortitude involves the strength and courage to endure challenges, face adversity, and persevere in the pursuit of what is right. It is the virtue that empowers individuals to confront fear, take risks, and stand firm in the face of difficulties.

These cardinal virtues have been foundational in moral philosophy, notably in the works of ancient philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. They are considered essential virtues that guide individuals toward a virtuous and ethical life, providing a framework for moral reasoning and conduct in diverse cultural and religious contexts.