Define Modern paintings.

Modern paintings refer to a diverse and dynamic category of artistic expressions that emerged in the late 19th century and continued to evolve throughout the 20th century. This period marked a significant departure from traditional artistic conventions, embracing new styles, techniques, and perspectives that reflected the rapidly changing cultural, social, and technological landscape of the time.

Key characteristics of modern paintings include:

1. Rejection of Academic Realism:

   • Modern painters rejected the strict realism of academic art that prevailed in the 19th century. Instead, they sought innovative ways to represent the world, often moving towards abstraction and stylization.

2. Exploration of Subjectivity:

   • Modern paintings often delved into the subjective experiences and emotions of the artist. The focus shifted from objective representation to the artist's personal interpretation of reality, paving the way for more introspective and expressive works.

3. Embrace of Abstraction:

   • The advent of abstract art was a defining feature of modern painting. Artists such as Wassily Kandinsky and Kazimir Malevich moved away from representational forms, exploring the use of color, shape, and line to convey emotional and spiritual dimensions.

4. Influence of Technology and Industrialization:

   • The technological advancements and industrialization of the modern era influenced artistic perspectives. Artists depicted the machine age, urban life, and the impact of technology on society. This is evident in the works of the Precisionists and Futurists.

5. Diversity of Styles:

   • Modern painting encompassed a wide range of styles and movements, including Cubism, Fauvism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, and Pop Art, among others. Each movement brought its own innovative approach to form, color, and content.

6. Social and Political Engagement:

   • Many modern painters were socially and politically engaged, using their art as a means of commentary on contemporary issues. Mexican muralists like Diego Rivera and American social realists depicted societal struggles and aspirations.

7. Expression of Individuality:

   • Modern paintings celebrated the individual artist's voice and creativity. The notion of the "artist as an individual" gained prominence, challenging traditional notions of artistic apprenticeship and adherence to established norms.

8. Breaking with Tradition:

   • Modern painters consciously broke with traditional artistic conventions. They sought to challenge the status quo, experiment with new materials, and redefine the purpose of art in a rapidly changing world.

9. Interdisciplinary Approaches:

   • Modern paintings often blurred the boundaries between different art forms. Artists collaborated across disciplines, incorporating elements of sculpture, literature, music, and performance into their works.

Prominent modern painters include Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Jackson Pollock, Frida Kahlo, Salvador Dalí, and many others who played pivotal roles in shaping the trajectory of modern art. Modern paintings, with their emphasis on innovation, individuality, and exploration, continue to inspire and influence contemporary artistic practices.