Define the concept of organic solidarity given by Émile Durkheim.

Organic Solidarity:
Émile Durkheim, a foundational figure in sociology, introduced the concept of organic solidarity as a key element in his analysis of societal integration and cohesion. In his seminal work, "The Division of Labor in Society," Durkheim contrasts organic solidarity with mechanical solidarity.

Organic solidarity characterizes modern, industrialized societies where individuals are interconnected through a complex division of labor. Unlike the homogeneity of roles and values in mechanically solidaritous societies, organic solidarity emerges from the interdependence of diverse and specialized functions. In these societies, individuals rely on each other for goods, services, and support, creating a web of mutual dependence.

Durkheim argued that organic solidarity is a result of the functional interdependence of various social roles and occupations. Economic specialization and the intricate division of labor necessitate cooperation, fostering a sense of solidarity based on mutual reliance. Unlike mechanical solidarity, which is rooted in similarity, organic solidarity thrives on differences and specialization, reflecting the complexity of modern industrial societies where social cohesion arises from the complementarity of individual roles and functions.