Describe Satyagraha and Swaraj.
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Satyagraha and Swaraj are two key concepts central to Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy and his vision for India's independence movement.
Satyagraha:
Satyagraha, often translated as "truth force" or "soul force," is a method of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience developed by Gandhi. It involves the principled assertion of truth and nonviolence in the face of injustice, oppression, or tyranny. Satyagraha aims to confront and transform unjust systems or policies through peaceful means, relying on moral persuasion, self-sacrifice, and nonviolent resistance to achieve social and political change. Satyagrahis are committed to truthfulness, humility, and love for one's opponents, seeking to win them over through moral example rather than coercion or violence. Satyagraha empowers individuals and communities to resist injustice and tyranny with courage, dignity, and perseverance, often inspiring broader movements for social justice and human rights around the world.
Swaraj:
Swaraj, meaning "self-rule" or "self-governance," is the ideal of political independence and sovereignty championed by Gandhi. Beyond mere political autonomy, Swaraj represents a holistic vision of freedom and self-determination, encompassing economic, social, cultural, and spiritual dimensions. Gandhi envisioned Swaraj as a decentralized form of governance, where power is vested in local communities and individuals, rather than centralized institutions or foreign rulers. Swaraj emphasizes the importance of grassroots democracy, participatory decision-making, and social justice, enabling people to govern themselves according to principles of truth, nonviolence, and human dignity. Gandhi believed that true Swaraj could only be achieved through self-discipline, self-sufficiency, and selfless service to others, fostering a society based on principles of equality, justice, and compassion. Swaraj is not merely the absence of foreign domination, but the realization of India's spiritual and cultural heritage, where every individual is empowered to live with dignity and freedom, contributing to the welfare of the nation and the world.