Differentiate between Savanna and Tundra.

Savannas and tundras are distinct biomes characterized by different climates, vegetation types, and ecological characteristics.

1. Savanna:

   • Savannas are tropical or subtropical grasslands with scattered trees and shrubs.
   • They typically experience warm temperatures year-round, with distinct wet and dry seasons.
   • Savannas are often found in regions around the equator, including parts of Africa, South America, Australia, and India.
   • The vegetation in savannas is adapted to periodic droughts and fires, with grasses being dominant and trees spaced apart to withstand fire.
   • Animal diversity is high in savannas, with large herbivores like elephants, zebras, and giraffes, as well as predators like lions and cheetahs.

2. Tundra:

   • Tundras are cold, treeless landscapes characterized by low temperatures and short growing seasons.
   • They are found in high latitudes near the Arctic and Antarctic regions and at high elevations on mountains.
   • Tundras are covered with mosses, lichens, grasses, and low-growing shrubs adapted to extreme cold and permafrost (permanently frozen soil).
   • Vegetation growth is limited by the harsh conditions, and plants are often dwarfed.
   • Animal life in tundras includes herbivores like caribou, musk oxen, and arctic hares, as well as predators like wolves and polar bears.
   • Tundras have a fragile ecosystem due to slow plant growth and limited decomposition, making them vulnerable to disturbances.

In summary, savannas are warm grasslands with scattered trees and diverse wildlife, while tundras are cold, treeless landscapes with low-growing vegetation adapted to extreme cold and short growing seasons.