Explain Basic Need Concept.
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The Basic Needs Concept is a development approach that prioritizes the fulfillment of fundamental human needs as the cornerstone of social and economic development. Developed in the 1970s by economists like Paul Streeten and the International Labour Organization (ILO), the concept identifies certain essential requirements that every individual should have access to in order to live a dignified life. These needs typically include:
Food and Nutrition: Ensuring access to an adequate and nutritious diet to maintain health and well-being.
Shelter: Providing safe and secure housing to protect individuals and families from environmental elements.
Clothing: Ensuring access to appropriate clothing for protection and comfort.
Healthcare: Access to essential healthcare services, including preventive care and treatment of illnesses.
Education: Providing access to quality education and lifelong learning opportunities.
Safe Water and Sanitation: Ensuring access to clean and safe drinking water and proper sanitation facilities.
Employment: Opportunities for productive employment and livelihoods to generate income and support families.
The Basic Needs Concept emphasizes the importance of addressing these needs comprehensively to alleviate poverty, reduce inequalities, and improve the overall quality of life. It serves as a framework for policymakers and development practitioners to prioritize interventions that directly impact the well-being and dignity of individuals and communities.