Explain Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in detail.
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Explain Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in detail.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed on individuals experiencing cardiac arrest or sudden cessation of breathing. CPR aims to manually maintain circulation and oxygenation to vital organs, particularly the brain, until advanced medical help arrives. It involves a combination of chest compressions and rescue breathing to keep blood flowing and oxygenated.
The key steps of CPR are as follows:
Assess the Scene: Ensure the scene is safe for both the victim and rescuer. Check for any hazards or dangers that could harm either party before approaching the victim.
Check Responsiveness: Tap the victim's shoulders and shout their name to determine if they are responsive. If there is no response, gently shake them and check for any signs of breathing.
Call for Help: If the victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally, call emergency services immediately or instruct someone nearby to do so. Time is critical in cardiac arrest, and early intervention increases the chances of survival.
Perform Chest Compressions: Place the heel of one hand on the center of the victim's chest (between the nipples) and interlock the fingers of your other hand. Keep your arms straight and position your shoulders directly over your hands. Perform chest compressions by pushing down at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
Provide Rescue Breaths: Tilt the victim's head back slightly and lift the chin to open the airway. Pinch the victim's nose shut and give two breaths into their mouth, watching for chest rise. Each breath should last about 1 second and deliver enough air to make the chest rise visibly.
Continue CPR: Perform cycles of 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. Continue CPR until emergency medical services arrive, the victim begins to breathe on their own, or you are too exhausted to continue.
CPR is a crucial skill that can significantly improve the chances of survival for individuals experiencing cardiac arrest. Training in CPR equips individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to respond effectively in emergency situations and potentially save lives.