Explain High Yielding Variety Programme.
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Explain High Yielding Variety Programme.
The High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) was launched in India in the 1960s as part of the Green Revolution to address food security challenges by introducing high-yielding crop varieties. It aimed to increase agricultural productivity and reduce dependence on imports by promoting the adoption of genetically improved seed varieties, particularly for wheat and rice.
Under the HYVP, agricultural research institutions developed and distributed high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of wheat, rice, and other crops that were more responsive to fertilizers, irrigation, and other inputs. These HYVs exhibited superior traits such as increased yield potential, disease resistance, and adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions.
The HYVP played a significant role in transforming India's agricultural landscape, leading to substantial increases in crop yields, farmer incomes, and food production. It contributed to achieving food self-sufficiency, reducing poverty, and stimulating economic growth in rural areas. However, concerns have been raised about the environmental and social impacts of intensive agricultural practices associated with the HYVP, such as groundwater depletion, soil degradation, and income disparities among farmers.