Explain inductive method.

The inductive method is a reasoning process in which general principles are derived from specific observations or examples. Unlike deductive reasoning, which starts with general principles and applies them to specific cases, inductive reasoning moves from specific instances to broader generalizations. This method involves collecting and analyzing specific data to formulate general principles, patterns, or conclusions.

In the inductive method, the reliability and strength of the conclusions depend on the comprehensiveness and representativeness of the observed examples. Inductive reasoning does not guarantee absolute certainty; rather, it provides degrees of probability. The more diverse and relevant examples are considered, the stronger the inductive inference becomes.

For example, after observing numerous instances of the sun rising in the east every day, one might induce the general principle that the sun always rises in the east. While this generalization is based on specific observations, it is always subject to revision based on new evidence. Inductive reasoning is prevalent in scientific inquiry, where hypotheses are often developed through the accumulation and analysis of empirical data.