Explain Special Marriage Act, 1954.
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The Special Marriage Act, 1954, is a legislation enacted in India to provide a legal framework for civil marriages and to facilitate interfaith and inter-caste marriages. The act allows individuals of different religions, castes, or nationalities to marry without converting to the religion of either spouse or undergoing religious ceremonies.
Under the Special Marriage Act, couples intending to marry must give notice to the Marriage Officer in their district and declare their intention to marry. The Marriage Officer then publishes a public notice inviting objections to the marriage, after which the marriage can proceed if no objections are received. The act also sets forth conditions for marriage, including age requirements, consent of parties, absence of existing marriages, and prohibited degrees of relationship.
The Special Marriage Act, 1954, provides a legal alternative to religious or customary forms of marriage and promotes secularism, equality, and freedom of choice in marital relationships. It offers couples the opportunity to marry without regard to their religious or caste backgrounds and ensures legal recognition and protection for their union under Indian law.