Explain the concept of social constructivism.

Social constructivism is a learning theory that emphasizes the role of social interaction and shared experiences in the construction of knowledge. Coined by educational theorist Lev Vygotsky, social constructivism posits that learning is a collaborative process influenced by cultural and social contexts.

According to this theory, individuals actively engage with their environment and other learners to create meaning and understanding. Knowledge is not seen as an independent, objective reality but rather as a product of social negotiation and interaction. Social constructivism highlights the importance of dialogue, collaboration, and the exchange of ideas in the learning process.

Vygotsky introduced the concept of the "zone of proximal development" (ZPD), suggesting that learners benefit the most from activities that lie within their ZPD — tasks they can't accomplish alone but can achieve with guidance from a more knowledgeable peer or instructor. Social constructivism has had a profound impact on educational practices, emphasizing the significance of social relationships, cultural influences, and collaborative learning experiences in the development of cognitive abilities and understanding.