Explain the meaning of Secularism and Secularisation.

Secularism and secularization are related concepts, but they have distinct meanings:

1. Secularism:
   Secularism is a principle or ideology that advocates the separation of religious institutions and religious beliefs from the affairs of the state and government. It promotes a neutral stance towards religion in public and political life, ensuring that religious influence does not dominate or dictate government policies, laws, or public institutions. Secularism aims to guarantee freedom of religion and belief for all individuals, regardless of their faith or lack thereof, and to create a level playing field where diverse religious and non-religious perspectives can coexist peacefully. It is often associated with the idea of a secular state, where religion is a matter of personal choice and is not imposed or endorsed by the government.

2. Secularization:
   Secularization refers to the process by which a society, culture, or individual becomes less influenced by or detached from religious beliefs, practices, and institutions. It involves a shift towards a more secular worldview, where religious authority and influence decline in various aspects of life, including education, morality, and social norms. Secularization can result from factors like scientific advancements, modernization, urbanization, and changes in societal values. It often leads to a decrease in religious adherence and the waning significance of religion in public and private life.

In summary, secularism pertains to the separation of religion and the state, while secularization refers to the diminishing role of religion in society and individuals' lives. Both concepts reflect the evolution of societies towards greater religious pluralism, freedom of thought, and a focus on secular values and governance.